• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates mainly to a rotor (10) of rotating electrical machine, in particular an electric turbo-charger, comprising: - a rotor body (11) defining a plurality of cavities (21), - a set of magnets permanent housings (22) housed in said cavities (21), characterized in that: - at least one plating element (51) is interposed between said rotor body (11) and a corresponding permanent magnet (22), to ensure a maintenance of a permanent magnet (22) and is arranged such that said plating element (51) is in the passage of the magnetic flux generated by said corresponding permanent magnet (22).
    公开号:FR3036006A1
    申请号:FR1554136
    申请日:2015-05-07
    公开日:2016-11-11
    发明作者:Mamy Rakotovao；Benoit Walme；Nam-Gook Kim；Venkatesan Kuppusamy
    申请人:Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a rotary electric machine rotor provided with at least one plating element of a magnet inside a corresponding cavity. In known manner, the rotating electrical machines comprise a stator and a rotor secured to a shaft. The rotor may be integral with a driving shaft and / or driven and may belong to a rotating electrical machine in the form of an alternator, an electric motor, or a reversible machine that can operate in both modes. The stator is mounted in a housing configured to rotate the shaft for example by means of bearings. The stator comprises a body constituted by a stack of thin sheets forming a ring, the inner face of which is provided with notches open towards the inside to receive phase windings. In a distributed corrugated type winding, the windings are obtained for example from a continuous wire coated with enamel or from conductive elements in the form of pins connected together by welding. Alternatively, in a "concentric" type winding, the phase windings are constituted by closed coils on themselves which are wound around the teeth of the stator. The protection between the package of sheets and the winding wire is provided either by a paper-type insulation, or by plastic by overmolding or by means of an insert. These windings are polyphase windings connected in star or delta whose outputs are connected to a control electronics. Furthermore, the rotor comprises a body formed by a stack of sheets of sheet metal held in pack form by means of a suitable fastening system, such as rivets axially passing through the rotor from one side to the other, or by means of staples or buttons, or by laser welding or by gluing the sheets together. The rotor has poles formed by permanent magnets housed in cavities in the rotor body. Rotating electrical machines are known that are coupled to a shaft of an electric turbocharger. This electric turbocharger makes it possible at least in part to compensate for the power loss of the reduced-displacement heat engines used on many motor vehicles in order to reduce their consumption and the emissions of pollutant particles (so-called "downsizing" principle). For this purpose, the electric turbocharger, arranged on the intake duct 10 upstream or downstream of the engine, comprises a turbine to allow air to be compressed in order to optimize the filling of the cylinders of the engine. The electric machine is activated to drive the turbine in order to minimize the torque response time, in particular during transient phases during acceleration, or in the automatic restart phase of the engine after a standby ("stop and start" operation). " in English). Given the high speed of rotation of the rotor (of the order of 70000 rpm in certain life situations) which generates very large centrifugal forces on the magnets, it is difficult to keep the permanent magnets in position at the same time. inside the cavities of the rotor body. The present invention therefore aims to effectively remedy this disadvantage by proposing a rotor with permanent magnets, in particular for a rotary electric machine, for example for an electric turbo-charger, comprising: a rotor body defining a plurality of cavities, set of permanent magnets with radial magnetization housed in said cavities, characterized in that at least one plating element is interposed between said rotor body and a corresponding permanent magnet, for the plating of said permanent magnet against an inner face of a corresponding cavity. The invention thus makes it possible, by placing the plating element in position inside the cavity, to effectively hold the magnets inside the cavities in position in the event of a high rotational speed of the cavity. rotor and during the acceleration and deceleration phases. The plating element can be arranged so that it is in the passage of the magnetic flux generated by the corresponding permanent magnet.
    [0002] According to one embodiment, said plating element is constituted by a spring blade of curved shape. According to one embodiment, said leaf spring has a surface at least equal to 40%, in particular at least 60%, for example at least 80% of a surface of said corresponding permanent magnet against which said blade comes into contact with. to face. In one embodiment, the edges of said spring blade substantially coincide with the edges of said corresponding magnet. This makes it possible to limit as much as possible the air space which disturbs the propagation of the magnetic flux.
    [0003] According to one embodiment, said spring blade comprises tabs for axial retention of a corresponding permanent magnet. Such a configuration of the spring thus makes it possible to eliminate the axial holding flanges of the magnets inside the cavities, in particular when the balancing of the rotor is carried out by means other than the flange.
    [0004] According to one embodiment, said spring blade comprises lateral holding tabs of a corresponding magnet. This ensures a centering of the magnet in the cavity relative to the spaces at the orthoradial ends of the magnets. In one embodiment, a recess of said spring blade is directed toward a shaft of said rotor. Alternatively, a hollow of the spring blade is directed to the side of a face of the magnet. According to one embodiment, the machine comprises a total gap, measured along a radius of the machine cutting a permanent magnet, the total air gap 3036006 4 having a first air gap between a stator and the rotor of the machine and a second gap between a wall of the cavity and a face of the corresponding permanent magnet. According to one embodiment, the total gap is between 0.1 and 0.6 mm, for example substantially equal to 0.3 mm. According to one embodiment, the permanent magnet has an average thickness of about 2 to 5 mm, for example substantially equal to 3 mm. According to one embodiment, a ratio between the smallest thickness of a magnet and the maximum width of the total gap is between 3 and 50, especially between 10 and 15. In one embodiment, said permanent magnets are radially magnetized. According to one embodiment, said rotor comprises at least one orthoradial support stopper of each permanent magnet of said set of permanent magnets.
    [0005] According to one embodiment, said plating element is made at least partially of magnetic material such as iron, or a grade of steels. In one embodiment, said plating element is distinct from the rotor body. In one embodiment, said plating member exerts a force of at least 10% of a height of a corresponding permanent magnet. According to one embodiment, said plating element is constituted by a spring having a V-shape. In one embodiment, said plating element is constituted by a spring comprising a central rounded portion, and two rounded end portions lying on one side and other of said central portion, said central portion and said end portions having inverted curvatures.
    [0006] In one embodiment, said plating element exerts a force in a bearing zone covering the entire height of a corresponding permanent magnet. According to one embodiment, said plating element has a bearing zone 5 on a portion of a height of a corresponding permanent magnet. According to one embodiment, a plurality of plating elements each exerting a bearing zone on a portion of a height of a corresponding permanent magnet. In one embodiment, spaces positioned at orthoradial end faces of each permanent magnet are filled with a filler material such as glue and / or resin. In one embodiment, the cavities can open on either side of the axial ends of the rotor body. Alternatively, the cavities may include a bottom for axial holding of the magnet on an axial end of the rotor body. According to one embodiment, the rotor body may comprise a set of sheets forming a pack of sheets. Alternatively, the rotor body may be formed of a single piece. According to one embodiment, said rotor body has an outer periphery 20 delimited by a cylindrical face of external diameter between 20 mm and 50 mm, in particular between 24 mm and 34 mm, and preferably of the order of 28 mm. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a rotor of a rotating electrical machine, characterized in that said method comprises: a step of producing a rotor body defining a plurality of cavities, a step of insertion, especially simultaneous, of a permanent magnet and a compressed plating element inside each cavity, and a step of releasing the plating element so that said plating element ensures plating said permanent magnet against an inner face of the body defining the corresponding cavity. In addition, the invention relates to a rotating electrical machine comprising a wound stator and a rotor as defined above. According to one embodiment, said rotating electrical machine comprises a rotor with four permanent magnets. According to one embodiment, said machine has a response time of between 100 ms and 600 ms, in particular between 200 ms and 400 ms, for example being of the order of 250 ms to go from 5000 to 70,000 revolutions / min. The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the figures which accompany it. These figures are given for illustrative but not limiting of the invention. Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a turbocharger having a rotary electric machine according to the present invention; Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the rotor of the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention; Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor of the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention; Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a permanent magnet for insertion into a cavity of the rotor according to the present invention; Figure 5 shows a partial sectional view illustrating an alternative embodiment of the rotor of the electric machine according to the present invention. Fig. 6a is a perspective view of the rotor according to the present invention illustrating the use of a first embodiment of a magnet plating member constituted by a spring blade; Figure 6b is a perspective view of an assembly formed by a magnet and a corresponding spring blade positioned within a cavity of the rotor of Figure 6a; Figure 7a is a perspective view of the rotor according to the present invention illustrating the use of a second embodiment of a magnet plating element constituted by an elastic pin; Figures 7b and 7c show respectively perspective views of the rotor body and a pin used for producing the rotor of Figure 7a; Fig. 8a is a perspective view of the rotor according to the present invention illustrating the use of a third embodiment of a magnet plating element constituted by a spiral spring; Fig. 8b is a top view of a rotor cavity illustrating the use of a spiral spring used in combination with an orthoradial holding stopper of the magnet; Figures 8c and 8d are top views of a rotor cavity illustrating the use of spiral spring with incomplete turns; Fig. 9a is a perspective view of the rotor according to the present invention illustrating the use of a fourth embodiment of a magnet plating element constituted by a curved spring; Figure 9b is a perspective view of a curved spring used for producing the rotor of Figure 9a; Fig. 10a is a perspective view of the rotor according to the present invention illustrating the use of a fifth embodiment of a magnet plating element constituted by a V-shaped spring; Figure 10b is a perspective view of a V-shaped spring used for making the rotor of Figure 10a; Figure 11 is a partial view from above of the rotating electrical machine illustrating the different air gaps in the presence.
    [0007] Identical, similar or similar elements retain the same reference from one figure to another. FIG. 1 shows a turbocharger 1, referred to as an electric turbo-charger, comprising a turbine 2 equipped with fins 3 able to suck, via an inlet 4, 5 of the non-compressed air coming from an air source (no shown) and discharge compressed air via the outlet 5 after passing through a volute referenced 6. The output 5 may be connected to an intake manifold (not shown) located upstream or downstream of the engine in order to optimize the filling of the cylinders of the engine. In this case, the suction 10 of the air is carried out in an axial direction, that is to say along the axis of the turbine 2, and the discharge is carried out in a radial direction perpendicular to the axis 2. Alternatively, the suction is radial while the discharge is axial. Alternatively, the suction and the discharge are made in the same direction relative to the axis of the turbine (axial or radial). For this purpose, the turbine 2 is driven by an electric machine 7 mounted inside the housing 8. This electric machine 7 comprises a stator 9, which may be polyphase, surrounding a rotor 10 with the presence of an air gap. This stator 9 is mounted in the housing 8 configured to rotate a shaft 19 by means of bearings 20. The shaft 19 is connected in rotation with the turbine 2 as well as with the rotor 10. The stator 9 is preferably mounted in the housing 8 by hooping. In order to minimize the inertia of the turbine 2 during an acceleration request from the driver, the electric machine 7 has a short response time of between 100 ms and 600 ms, in particular between 200 ms and 400 ms. ms, for example being of the order of 250 ms to go from 5000 to 70,000 revolutions / min. Preferably, the operating voltage is 12 V and a steady state current is of the order of 150 A. Preferably, the electric machine 7 is able to provide a peak current, that is to say a current delivered over a continuous period of less than 3 seconds, between 150 A and 300 A, in particular between 180 A and 220 A. In a variant, the electrical machine 7 is able to operate in alternator mode, or is a reversible type electric machine .
    [0008] More specifically, the stator 9 comprises a body 91 consisting of a stack of thin sheets forming a ring, whose inner face is provided with inwardly open slots for receiving phase windings of a coil 92. a winding of distributed corrugated type, the windings are obtained for example from a continuous wire coated with enamel or from U-shaped pin-shaped conductive elements whose free ends are interconnected by welding. Alternatively, in a "concentric" type winding, the phase windings are constituted by closed coils on themselves which are wound around the teeth of the stator 9. The protection between the sheet package and the winding wire is ensured. either by a paper-type insulation, or by plastic overmolding or by means of an insert. These windings are polyphase windings connected in star or delta whose outputs are connected to a control electronics.
    [0009] Furthermore, the rotation axis rotor X shown in detail in FIG. 2 is permanent magnets. The rotor 10 comprises a rotor body 11 formed here by a stack of sheets extending in a radial plane perpendicular to the axis X in order to reduce the eddy currents. This rotor body 11 is made of ferromagnetic material. The sheets are held by fixing means 14, for example rivets, passing axially through the stack of sheets, or with staples or by means of buttons, or by welding or bonding the sheets for forming. a set that can be handled and transported. For this purpose, a plurality of fixing holes 13 are made in the rotor body 11 to allow each passage of a fastening means 14 of the sheets of the rotor body 11. In this case, the fixing holes 13 are preferably through, that is to say that they open axially on each of the axial ends 17, 18 of the rotor body 11, so that it is possible to pass inside each hole 13 a rod 14 provided with a head 141 at one of its ends and whose other end will be deformed for example by a method of pegging to ensure the axial retention of the sheet package. Alternatively, the rod 14 is devoid of head 141 and the two ends are then deformed by a method of bouterollage or striking. Alternatively, the holes 13 may have a section of square, rectangular, or any other shape adapted to the passage of the fastening means 14. The rotor body 11 may be rotatably connected to the shaft 19 in different ways, for example by force-fitting the splined shaft 19 inside the central opening 12 of the rotor 10, or with the aid of a key device. The rotor body 11 has an internal periphery 15 delimiting the central cylindrical opening 12 having an internal diameter D1, for example of the order of 10 mm, and an outer periphery 16 delimited by a cylindrical face of external diameter D2 of between 20 mm. and 50 mm, in particular between 24 mm and 34 mm, and preferably of the order of 28 mm. The rotor body 11 also has two annular axial end faces 17, 18 extending between the inner periphery 15 and the outer periphery 16. Furthermore, an outer diameter of the stator 9 is between 35 mm and 15 80 mm, in particular between 45 mm and 55 mm, for example between 48 mm and 52 mm. The rotor 10 comprises a plurality of cavities 21 in each of which is housed a permanent magnet 22. Each cavity 21 passes axially through the rotor body 11 from one side to the other, ie from one axial end face 20 17, 18 to another. Alternatively, the cavities 21 may include a bottom for the axial retention of the magnet, on an axial end of the rotor body. Two adjacent cavities 21 are separated by an arm 25 coming from a core 26 of the rotor 10, so that there is an alternation of cavities 21 and arm 25 when following a circumference of the rotor 10. The rotor body 11 also has pole walls 31 each located between two adjacent arms 25. Each pole wall 31 extends between an inner face 36 in contact with a permanent magnet 22 and the outer periphery of the rotor 10. In addition, each arm 25 is connected to a corresponding polar wall 31 via a bridge 32 .
    [0010] Thus, as can be seen in FIG. 3, the cavities 21 are each delimited by two faces 35 of two adjacent arms 25 facing one another 3036006 11, a flat inner face 36 of a polar wall 31 extending in an orthoradial direction, a flat face 37 formed in the core 26 parallel to the face 36, and the inner faces 38 of two bridges 32. The junctions between the faces 35 and 38 may be rounded to facilitate the manufacture of parts. In the present case, as is clearly visible in FIG. 4, the permanent magnets 22 have a rectangular parallelepiped shape whose angles are slightly bevelled. The magnets 22 thus have a substantially constant rectangular cross-section. The magnets 22 are radially magnetized, i.e. the two orthoradically parallel faces 41, 42 which are orthogonal to one another are magnetized so as to be able to generate a magnetic flux in an orientation. radially M with respect to the axis X. Among these faces 41, 42 parallel, there is the inner face 41 located on the side of the axis X of the rotor 10 and the outer face 42 15 on the side of the outer periphery 16 of the rotor 10. As can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 5, where the letters N and S respectively correspond to the North and South poles, the magnets 22 located in two consecutive cavities 21 are of alternating polarity. Thus, from one cavity 21 to the other; the inner faces 41 of the magnets 22 bearing against the flat face 37 formed in the core 26 have an alternating polarity, and the outer faces 42 of the magnets 22 in contact with the inner face 36 of the corresponding polar wall 31 have a polarity alternately. The inner 41 and outer 42 faces of each magnet 22 are in this case flat, like the other faces of each magnet 22. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5, the outer face 42 of each magnet 22 is curved, while the inner face 41 of the magnet 22 is flat, or vice versa. The inner face 36 of the polar wall 31 then has a corresponding curved shape. This improves the retention of the magnet 22 inside a cavity 21. Alternatively, the two lateral faces 41 and 42 are bent in the same direction (see dashed line 50), so that each magnet 22 globally presents a tile shape. Furthermore, the magnets 22 do not completely fill the cavities 21, so that there are two voids 45 on either side of the magnet 3036006 12 22 following an orthoradial direction. These spaces are delimited by orthoradial end faces of the magnets 22 and the faces of the cavity 21 vis-à-vis. These spaces 45 extend longitudinally along the orthoradial end faces of the magnets 22. The volume of air delimited by all the spaces 45 of the rotor 10 makes it possible to reduce the inertia of the rotor 10. The magnets 22 are preferably made of rare earth to maximize the magnetic power of the machine 7. Alternatively, they may however be made of ferrite according to the applications and the desired power of the electric machine 7. Alternatively, the magnets 22 may be of 10 different shades to reduce costs. For example, the cavities 21 are alternated with the use of a rare earth magnet and a less powerful but less expensive ferrite magnet. Some cavities 21 may also be left empty depending on the desired power of the electric machine 7. For example, two cavities 21 diametrically opposite 15 may be empty. The number of cavities 21 is preferably, as shown, equal to four as the number of magnets 22 associated. It is however possible to increase the number of cavities 21 and magnets 22 depending on the application. Moreover, a single permanent magnet 22 is preferably inserted inside each cavity 21. In a variant, it is possible to use several magnets 22 stacked one on the other inside the same cavity 21. For example, it is possible to use two permanent magnets 22 stacked axially or orthoradially on one another, which may, if necessary, be of different shades. In addition, plating elements 51 are interposed between the rotor body 11 and each magnet 22, to ensure the maintenance of each permanent magnet 22 inside the corresponding cavity 21. Each plating element 51 is arranged, so that the plating element 51 is in the passage of the radial magnetic flux generated by the corresponding magnet 22. Each plating element 51 provides a plating of the magnet 22 against the inner face 36 of each cavity 21 by applying a radial direction force. Alternatively, the plating elements 51 could be positioned on the opposite side of the magnet 22 so as to ensure a plating of the magnet 22 against the opposite inner face 36.
    [0011] In the embodiment of FIGS. 6a and 6b, the plating element 51 is constituted by a curved spring blade 511. A recess 55 of the curved blade 511 is directed towards a shaft of the rotor 10. When the blade 511, which is attached relative to the rotor body 11, is positioned between the body 11 and the magnet 22, the height of the hollow 55 decreases by elastic deformation so that the blade 511 is in a compressed state. By reaction, the blade 511 then applies a radial force against the corresponding magnet 22 so as to press it against the inner face 36. In the exemplary embodiment, the edges of the blade 511 coincide substantially with the edges of the blade. magnet 22 as is clearly visible in Figure 6b. This makes it possible to limit as much as possible the volume of air which disturbs the propagation of the magnetic flux. In all cases, the leaf spring 511 has a surface at least equal to 40%, especially at least 60%, for example at least 80% of the surface of the magnet 22 against which the blade comes in. vis-a-vis. The leaf spring 511 comprises axially holding tabs 52 of the magnet 22. Next to each of its axial end edges, the blade 511 thus comprises at least one tab 52 folded so as to bear against an end face axial axis of the magnet 22 and at least one tab 52 intended to abut against an end face of the rotor body 11. In this case, the blade 511 comprises at each of its axial end edges two legs central members 52 folded so as to come into contact with an end face of a corresponding magnet 22, as well as two end lugs 52 folded so as to come into contact with one end face of the rotor body 11. , the arrangement of the lugs 52 plated on the face of the magnet 22 and the rotor 10 is reversed. The number and arrangement of the tabs 52 along the edges of the blade 511 can of course be adapted according to the application, and in particular the size of the magnet 22 to be maintained in the cavity 21. Such a configuration of the The spring 511 thus makes it possible to eliminate the axial holding flanges of the magnets 22 inside the cavities 21.
    [0012] The blade 511 may also include, if necessary, tabs 53 for lateral retention of a corresponding magnet 22 (see Figure 6b). This makes it possible to guarantee a centering of the magnet 22 in the cavity 21 with respect to the spaces 45. Alternatively or in addition to the tabs 52, 53, the rotor 10 may also include at least one stopper 54 for orthoradial retention of each magnet. the set of magnets 22 so as to center it with respect to the spaces 45, as illustrated in FIG. 8b. The abutment 54 may be formed by a longitudinal shoulder formed in the rotor body 11. As can be seen in FIG. 11, the machine comprises a total air gap Etot, measured along a radius R1 of the machine cutting a magnet. permanent 22, the total gap being the sum of a first air gap El between the stator 80 and the rotor 10 and a second gap E2 between a wall of the cavity 21 and a face of the corresponding permanent magnet 22. The total air gap Etot is preferably between 0.1 and 0.6 mm, for example substantially equal to 0.3 mm. Each permanent magnet 22 has an average thickness of about 2 to 5 mm, for example substantially equal to 3 mm. A ratio between the smallest thickness E of a magnet 22 and the maximum width of the total gap Etot is between 3 and 50, especially between 10 and 15. The blade 511 is preferably made at least partially, preferably totally, of magnetic material such as iron or a grade of steels to allow the transmission of the radial magnetic flux in the path of which is the blade 511.
    [0013] In the present case, the blade 511 exerts a force in a bearing zone covering substantially the entire height H of the magnet 22 measured in an axial direction. More generally, the blade 511 exerts a force in a bearing zone over at least 10% of the height H of the permanent magnet 22. In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of blades 511 each support on part of the height of a corresponding permanent magnet 22. Spaces 45 positioned at the orthoradial end faces of each magnet 22 may be required to be filled with a filler material, such as glue and / or resin, or any other suitable material. In the embodiment of Figs. 7a to 7c, the plating member 51 is constituted by a pin 512. The pin 512 has an elongated annular shape in an axial direction. The pin 512 is provided with a longitudinal slot 57 passing through an annular wall 58 from one side to give it its elasticity. The pin 512 thus has a split ring-shaped section. The ends 59 of the pin 512 clearly visible in Figure 7c are preferably beveled. In this case, the pin 512 is mounted compressed in a recess 60 made in the sheet package having a shape complementary to the pin 512 (see Figure 7a and 7b). The recess 60 thus delimits a cylinder portion shape. In the compressed state, the free ends of the ring delimited by the pin 512 are brought closer to one another so that the pin 512 exerts, by reaction, a radial force on the magnet 22 so as to the magnet 22 against the inner face 36. In each cavity 21, the rotor 10 here comprises a single pin 512 which has a length substantially equal to the height H of the magnet 22. The pin 512 thus exerts a force in a bearing zone covering the entire height H of the magnet 22, which makes it possible to homogenize the bearing force on the magnet 22. The bearing zone is substantially linear, insofar as it corresponds to the intersection between a plane (the plane face 36 of the magnet 22) and a cylinder (corresponding to the outer periphery of the pin 512). As a variant, several pins 512 are inserted inside each cavity 21. Each pin 512 may then have a bearing zone covering part of the height H 'of a corresponding permanent magnet 22, in particular at the level of each axial end of the magnet 22 (see Figure 7b). Each pin 512 preferably has a bearing zone covering at least 10%, especially 50%, of the height of the magnet 22. At least two pins 512 may be aligned substantially along the same axis. Alternatively, a pin 512 is located respectively at each orthoradial end of the magnet 22, as in the case of the use of 3036006 spiral springs 513 (see Figure 8a). Several pins 512 may also be positioned at each orthoradial end of the magnet 22. Such a configuration makes it possible to avoid the disturbance of the flow in the central part of the magnet 22.
    [0014] A ratio between a height L1 of a recess 60 measured along the radial axis relative to the outside diameter L2 of a corresponding pin 512 is between 0.4 and 0.7, especially between 0.5 and 0.6. . Such a ratio makes it possible to optimize the compromise between the thrust force applied by the pin 512 on the magnet 22 and the limitation of the air gap (between the face 37 and the face opposite the the magnet 22) disturbing the propagation of the flux in the rotor 10. The pin 512 is also made at least partially, preferably completely in a magnetic material so as not to disturb the transmission of the radial-oriented magnetic flux generated by the magnet. corresponding magnet 22. In the example shown, the diameter of a pin 512 is between 1 and 2.5 mm, and is for example of the order of 1.5 mm. In the embodiment of FIGS. 8a to 8d, the plating element 51 is constituted by at least one spiral spring 513 housed at least partially in a space 45 positioned on the side of one of the orthoradial ends 20 of the magnet 22. The spring 513 applies a force having a substantially radial direction on the corresponding magnet 22 so as to press the corresponding magnet 22 against the inner face 36. For this purpose, a portion of the spring 513 bears against the magnet 22 More specifically, two springs 513 are positioned on either side of the magnet 22 in an orthoradial direction. Such a configuration thus makes it possible to reduce the magnetic leakage of the machine. Each spring 513, which is attached relative to the rotor body 11, has a first 61 and a second 62 wound portions interconnected by an arm 63, as can be seen in Figures 8a and 8b. In the example shown, each wound portion 61, 62 comprises a plurality of turns 64. Alternatively, each wound portion 61, 62 comprises at least one turn 64 which may be complete or incomplete. FIGS. 8a and 8b thus illustrate 3036006 17 springs 513 provided with portions 61, 62 formed by incomplete turns 64 having reversed winding directions. The first wound portion 61 is positioned inside one of the spaces 45, so as to match the shape of the space 45. The second wound portion 62 is positioned inside a recess 60 of corresponding shape. formed in the rotor body 11. The recess 60 thus has a cylinder portion shape. The magnet 22 and the corresponding space 45 are arranged to allow free passage of the arm 63 between the magnet 22 and the rotor body 11. As shown in FIG. 8a, the fact of positioning a portion wound 61 of a spring 513 in each space 45 ensures the centering of the magnet 22 relative to these spaces 45. In the compressed state, the wound portions 61, 62 are spaced angularly from one another relative to their position in the rest state 15 of the spring 513, such that the wound portion 62 exerts, by a reaction, along a bearing zone, a force having a substantially radial direction on the magnet 22 so as to The bearing area of the spring 513 against the magnet 22 is linear insofar as it corresponds to the intersection between the plane inner face 36 and the wound portion 62 of generally cylindrical shape. This bearing zone covers in this case substantially the entire height H of the magnet 22. Alternatively, several springs 513 are inserted inside each space 45. Each spring 513 has a bearing zone covering a part of the height H 'of a permanent magnet 22, in particular at each axial end of the magnet 22. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8b, a single spring 513 is used in each cavity 21 and a stop 54 in the form of a longitudinal shoulder formed in the rotor body 11 to provide orthoradial retention of the corresponding magnet 22. Spaces 45 may if necessary be filled with glue and / or resin.
    [0015] Since the springs 513 are positioned in abutment with the orthoradial ends of the magnet 22, the springs 513 do little to disturb the central magnetic flux generated by the magnet 22. As a result, the springs 513 can be made of a material nonmagnetic. Alternatively, the springs 513 are made of a magnetic material. As a variant, each spring 513 is made of a bi-material material, that is to say that the wound portion 61 situated in a space 45 is made of non-magnetic material and the wound portion 62 bears against the magnet 22 is made of a magnetic material to minimize magnetic disturbances. In the embodiment of FIGS. 9a and 9b, in order to maintain the magnets 22 inside the cavities 21, the rotor 10 comprises, in each cavity 21, a spring 514 mounted compressed by crushing along its height between the body of rotor 11 and the permanent magnets 22. Each spring 514 thereby deforms a radial force on the magnets 22 from the inside to the outside of the rotor 10. For this purpose, each spring 514 is positioned in a longitudinal recess 60. This recess 60 of rectangular section is provided to minimize the air gap between the magnet 22 and the inner face 37 vis-à-vis the magnet 22. As can be seen in Figure 9b, each spring 514, made for example of stainless steel, comprises a central rounded portion 67, and two rounded end portions 68 located on either side of the central portion 67. The central portion 67 and the end portions 68 have inverted curvatures. The radius of curvature of the central portion 67 is greater than the radius of curvature of the end portions 68. This spring 514 thus catches the gaps so that manufacturing tolerances can be large. Each spring 514 preferably has a beveled end 69 to facilitate insertion into the cavity 21. Each spring 514 further includes a slot 70 along the tapered end 69 to reduce the rigidity of the beveled end. In the present case, each spring 514 exerts a force in a bearing zone covering substantially the entire height H of the magnet 22. In a variant embodiment, a plurality of springs 514, each exerting a zone of rotation, is used. pressing on part of the height of a magnet 3036006 19 permanent 22 corresponding. Each spring 514 then exerts a force in a bearing zone over at least 10% of the height H of the permanent magnet 22. In the embodiment of FIGS. 10a and 10b, the plating elements 51 each consist of a spring 515 having two rectangular shaped plates 73 interconnected by one of their common end edge 77 and inclined with respect to each other so as to have a shape of V. Each spring 515 exerts a deformation by radial force on the magnets 22 from the inside to the outside of the rotor 10. For this purpose, each spring 515 is positioned in a longitudinal recess 60 of the sheet metal package provided to minimize the air gap between the magnet 22 and the inner face 36 vis-à-vis the magnet 22 on the side of the shaft. In addition, the free ends of the spring 515 being brought closer to one another, the spring 515 exerts a radial force against the magnet so as to press against the inner face 36. As can be seen from Figure 10b, each spring 515 has two returns 74 each located on the side of an edge of one of the free ends of a wafer 73 corresponding. The returns 74 forming an angle with respect to the corresponding wafer 73 are intended to each bear respectively against a face of the rotor 10 and against an axial end face of the magnet 22. The spring 515 can be made for example in a magnetic material so as not to disturb the magnetic flux flowing in the rotor 10. Alternatively, the spring 515 is made of a non-magnetic material.
    [0016] In the present case, each spring 515 exerts a force in a substantially flat bearing zone covering substantially the entire height H of the magnet 22. In a variant embodiment, a plurality of springs 515, each exerting a spring, is used. bearing zone on part of the height H of a corresponding permanent magnet 22. Each spring 515 then exerts a force in a bearing zone over at least 10% of the height H of the permanent magnet 22. The method of manufacturing a rotor 10 of a rotating electrical machine which consists of making the rotor body 11 defining a plurality of cavities 21, and then preferably simultaneously inserting a permanent magnet 22 and a plating member 51, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515 compressed within each cavity 21. The plating element 51 is then released, so that the plating element 51 provides a plating of the permanent magnet 22 against the inner face 36 of the body partially delimiting the cavity 21. The rotor body 11 may also comprise two holding flanges (not shown) plated on either side of the rotor 10 on its axial end faces. These holding flanges provide axial retention of the magnets 22 inside the cavities 21 and also serve to balance the rotor 10. The flanges are made of non-magnetic material, for example aluminum. Of course, the foregoing description has been given by way of example only and does not limit the scope of the invention which would not be overcome by replacing the various elements by any other equivalents.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Rotor (10) with permanent magnets (22), especially for a rotary electric machine, for example for an electric turbo-charger, comprising: - a rotor body (11) defining a plurality of cavities (21), - a set of permanent magnets (22), in particular with radial magnetization, housed in said cavities (21), characterized in that at least one plating element (51) is interposed between said rotor body (11) and at least one permanent magnet (22). ) for plating said permanent magnet (22) against an inner face (36) of a corresponding cavity (21).
    [0002]
    2. Rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that said plating element (51) is constituted by a leaf spring (511) of curved shape.
    [0003]
    3. Rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that the edges of said spring blade (511) coincide substantially with the edges of said corresponding magnet (22).
    [0004]
    4. Rotor according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that said leaf spring (511) comprises lugs (52) for axial retention of a corresponding permanent magnet (22).
    [0005]
    5. Rotor according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that said spring blade (511) has tabs (53) for lateral retention of a magnet (22) corresponding.
    [0006]
    6. Rotor according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that a recess (55) of said spring blade (511) is directed on the side of a shaft of said rotor (10).
    [0007]
    7. Rotor according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the machine comprising a total air gap (Etot), measured along a radius of the machine cutting a permanent magnet (22), the total air gap (Etot) being the sum of a first gap (El)) between a stator (80) and said rotor (10) and a second gap E2 between a wall of the cavity 21 and a face 3036006 22 of the magnet permanent 22 correspondent.
    [0008]
    8. Rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that a ratio between a smaller thickness (E) of a magnet (22) and a maximum width of the total air gap (Etot) is between 3 and 50, in particular between 10 and 15. 5
    [0009]
    9. Rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said rotor (10) comprises at least one stop (54), in particular two orthoradial support stops of each permanent magnet (22), said set of permanent magnets (22).
    [0010]
    10. Rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said plating element (51) is made at least partially of magnetic material such as iron or a grade of steels.
    [0011]
    11. Rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that said plating element (51) is distinct from the rotor body (11). 15
    [0012]
    12. Rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that said plating element (51) is constituted by a spring (515) having a V-shape.
    [0013]
    13. Rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that said plating element is constituted by a spring (514) having a central rounded portion (67), and two rounded end portions (68). located on either side of said central portion (67), said central portion (67) and said end portions (68) having inverted curvatures.
    [0014]
    14. A method of manufacturing a rotor (10) of rotating electrical machine, characterized in that said method comprises: - a step of producing a rotor body (11) defining a plurality of cavities (21), a step of insertion, particularly simultaneous, of a permanent magnet (22) and a compressed plating element inside each cavity (21), and - a step of releasing the plating element of in such a way that said plating element (51) ensures a plating of said permanent magnet (22) against an inner face (36) of the body delimiting the corresponding cavity (21).
    [0015]
    15. A rotating electrical machine comprising a wound stator and a rotor (10) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 13.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3036006B1|2019-08-02|
    WO2016177968A1|2016-11-10|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JP2004328963A|2003-04-28|2004-11-18|Nissan Motor Co Ltd|Manufacturing method of rotor for electric motor, and the rotor for electric motor|
    JP2004357418A|2003-05-29|2004-12-16|Honda Motor Co Ltd|Permanent magnet fixing structure in rotor for rotating electric machine|
    WO2007004009A2|2005-06-30|2007-01-11|Spal Automotive S.R.L.|A rotor for an electrical machine|
    DE102008018724A1|2008-04-14|2009-10-22|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Secondary part i.e. rotor, for e.g. two-pole synchronous motor, has positioning elements e.g. steel tape, for positioning permanent magnets in magnet bags, and magnet bags with recesses for accommodation of positioning elements|
    JP2012249416A|2011-05-27|2012-12-13|Toyota Boshoku Corp|Rotor for rotary electric machine|
    EP2557661A2|2011-08-10|2013-02-13|LG Innotek Co., Ltd.|Rotor core of motor|
    WO2013178942A1|2012-05-30|2013-12-05|Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur|Rotor of an electric machine and spring for radially supporting a related permanent magnet|
    DE102012218343A1|2012-10-09|2014-04-10|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Clamping means for mechanically fixing magnets in a spoke rotor|
    JP2014107924A|2012-11-27|2014-06-09|Tamagawa Seiki Co Ltd|Ipm rotor structure|
    JP2001025191A|1999-07-05|2001-01-26|Nissan Motor Co Ltd|Rotor of motor and manufacture thereof|
    JP5313752B2|2009-04-15|2013-10-09|アスモ株式会社|Brushless motor|DE102017204467B4|2017-03-17|2020-08-06|Bühler Motor GmbH|Permanent magnet rotor|
    FR3069975B1|2017-08-04|2020-10-02|Valeo Equip Electr Moteur|ROTATING ELECTRIC MACHINE ROTOR EQUIPPED WITH A PERMANENT MAGNET HOLDER FOLLOWING THREE DIMENSIONS|
    KR20190072894A|2017-12-18|2019-06-26|엘지이노텍 주식회사|Rotor and Motor having the same|
    CN112372554B|2021-01-18|2021-03-26|宁波宏诺汽车零部件科技有限公司|Fixed frock of car turbine shell|
    法律状态:
    2016-05-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-11-11| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20161111 |
    2017-05-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-05-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-05-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-05-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-05-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1554136|2015-05-07|
    FR1554136A|FR3036006B1|2015-05-07|2015-05-07|ROTOR OF ROTATING ELECTRIC MACHINE PROVIDED WITH AT LEAST ONE FOLDING MEMBER OF A MAGNET WITHIN A CORRESPONDING CAVITY|FR1554136A| FR3036006B1|2015-05-07|2015-05-07|ROTOR OF ROTATING ELECTRIC MACHINE PROVIDED WITH AT LEAST ONE FOLDING MEMBER OF A MAGNET WITHIN A CORRESPONDING CAVITY|
    PCT/FR2016/051048| WO2016177968A1|2015-05-07|2016-05-04|Rotor for a rotating electrical machine, equipped with at least one element for clamping a magnet inside a corresponding cavity|
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